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Homeostasis Chapter 15 class 12 biology Sindh board New book

  Q 01: Why is the physiological integration of internal body environment important for living organisms? Ans: The physiological integration of the internal body environment is important for living organisms because it helps maintain optimal conditions for biochemical reactions necessary for life. This ensures that processes like enzyme activity, metabolic reactions, and cellular functions can occur within a narrow range of temperature, pH, and ion concentrations, allowing organisms to function properly. Q 02: Why is it important that positive and negative feedback mechanisms counter act upon each other? Ans: Positive and negative feedback mechanisms are important because they help maintain homeostasis, ensuring that physiological processes remain within a stable range. Positive feedback amplifies a response (e.g., blood clotting), while negative feedback counteracts it (e.g., regulating body temperature). The interaction of both mechanisms prevents extreme deviations and keeps the int

Support and movement chapter 2 short question class 12 biology Sindh board New book

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Question 1: How is cartilage useful for our skeletal system? Cartilage plays several important roles in our skeletal system: Joint cushioning: Cartilage covers the ends of bones in joints, acting as a shock absorber to reduce friction and prevent bones from rubbing against each other. This helps in smooth and pain-free movement. Support and shape: Cartilage provides structure and support to various parts of the body, such as the nose, ears, and the trachea. It helps maintain the shape of these structures. Flexibility: Unlike bone, cartilage is flexible and elastic, allowing for some degree of movement and deformation without breaking. This flexibility is crucial for the functioning of certain body parts, like the ribcage and the walls of the airways. question 2: Give a compression of major types of joints ans: here's a compression of major types of joints in the human body: Ball-and-Socket Joints: These joints allow for the widest range of motion. The rounded end of one bone fits i