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 SECTION 3: LONG QUESTIONS Question 1: Compare and contrast the domains Archaea and Bacteria and discuss how these differences reflect their evolutionary histories. Ans: Comparison of Archaea and Bacteria - Cell Membrane Structure: Archaea have ether-linked lipids, while Bacteria have ester-linked lipids. This difference affects the stability and function of their cell membranes. - Cell Wall Composition: Bacteria have peptidoglycan in their cell walls, while Archaea have varied cell wall compositions, such as pseudopeptidoglycan or polysaccharides. This difference impacts their resistance to environmental stresses. - Metabolism: Archaea often live in extreme environments, such as hot springs or salt lakes, and have unique metabolic processes adapted to these conditions. Bacteria, on the other hand, are more diverse in their metabolic processes and can be found in a wide range of environments. Evolutionary Histories  The differences between Archaea and Bacteria reflect their di...

  SECTION 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. Which domain of life is characterized by organisms that often inhabit extreme environments and have cell membranes with ether-linked lipids? (a) Bacteria (b) Archaea (c) Eukarya (d) Protista Answer: (b) Archaea 2. What is a key difference between the domains Bacteria and Archaea? (a) Bacteria have membrane-bound organelles, while Archaea do not. (b) Bacterial cell walls have peptidoglycan, while Archaeal cell walls do not have it. (c) Archaea are only found in extreme environments, while Bacteria are not. (d) Bacteria are all unicellular, while Archaea include multicellular organisms. Answer: (b) Bacterial cell walls have peptidoglycan, while Archaeal cell walls do not have it. 3. Which of the following kingdoms includes organisms that are mostly unicellular, eukaryotic, and can be autotrophic or heterotrophic? (a) Fungi (b) Animalia (c) Plantae (d) Protoctista Answer: (d) Protoctista 4. In which kingdom are organisms predominantly multicel...

Biology MCQs: Biodiversity & Classification Biology Quiz: Biodiversity & Classification (30 MCQs)

Section 1: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya & Protists Which of the following characteristics differentiates Archaea from Bacteria and Eukarya at the molecular level? A. Presence of peptidoglycan in cell wall B. Presence of linear chromosomes C. Branched membrane lipids with ether linkages D. Presence of histones in the cytoplasm Answer: C Which statement best explains the evolutionary relationship between Archaea and Eukarya? A. Both evolved independently from Bacteria B. Archaea evolved from Eukarya C. Eukarya evolved after Archaea diverged from Bacteria D. Archaea and Eukarya evolved simultaneously from Monera Answer: C Which group of Archaea plays a significant role in sewage treatment by producing methane? A. Thermococci B. Halobacteria C. Methanogens D. Thaumarchaeota Answer: C Which of the following structures is absent in both Bacteria and Archaea but present in Eukarya? A. Circular DNA B. Ribosomes C. Membrane-bound nucleus D. Cell wall Answe...

Cellular Respiration MCQs Cellular Respiration of Proteins and Fats – MDCAT MCQs 1. Which molecule is produced after the hydrolysis of fats? A. Glucose B. Pyruvate C. Glycerol and fatty acids D. Acetyl-CoA 2. Glycerol is converted into which intermediate of glycolysis? A. Pyruvate B. Acetyl-CoA C. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate D. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 3. Fatty acids are directly converted into: A. Glucose B. Glycerol C. Acetyl-CoA D. Pyruvate 4. Which process do fatty acids enter after being converted to Acetyl-CoA? A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport chain C. Fermentation D. Krebs cycle 5. In the absence of carbohydrates, the body primarily uses: A. Oxygen B. Nucleic acids C. Fats D. Water 6. During ...

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